The laser cutting machine mainly consists of a laser generator, a cooling water circulation device, an air compressor, a transformer, a CNC system, an operating platform, a cutting head, and a host. The most important thing is the laser generator, which directly affects the performance of the equipment. The price of the equipment is directly related to the generator. In addition, it is generally recommended to use the same manufacturer for both the generator and CNC. It is beneficial for the control, operation, and maintenance of the entire machine.
1) Machine tool host part: The mechanical part that realizes the X, Y, and Z axis movement of the laser cutting machine tool, including the cutting platform. Usually driven by a servo motor, it is used to place the cutting workpiece and move it correctly and accurately according to the control program.
2) Laser generator: A device that generates a laser light source. For the use of laser cutting, except for a few occasions where YAG is used, except for solid-state lasers, the vast majority have high electro-optical conversion efficiency and can output high-power CO2 gas lasers. Due to the high quality requirements of laser cutting beams, not all lasers can be used for cutting. Gaussian mode is suitable for carbon dioxide lasers with smaller and lower order modes, as well as multimode lasers.
3) External optical path: The refractor is used to guide the laser in the desired direction. To prevent beam channel failure, all mirrors should be protected with protective covers and protected from contamination by clean positive pressure gas. A set of high-performance lenses focuses a non divergent beam of light into infinitely small light points. Generally, a 5.0 inch focal length lens is used Only for 5-inch lenses>thick materials.
4) CNC system: controls the movement of the machine tool’s X, Y, and Z axes and also controls the output power of the laser.
5) Stabilized power supply: Connect the laser, CNC machine tool, and power system. Mainly preventing interference from external power grids.
6) Cutting head: mainly including cavity, focusing lens seat, focusing mirror, capacitive sensor, and auxiliary gas nozzle. The cutting head driving device is driven by servo motors, screws, or gears to move the cutting head along the Z-axis according to the program.
7) Control the working process of the entire cutting device.
8) Water chiller: used to cool the laser generator. A laser is a device that converts electrical energy into light energy, such as a CO2 gas laser. The conversion rate is generally 20%, and the remaining energy is converted into heat. Cooling water takes away excess heat to maintain the normal operation of the laser generator. The chiller also cools the external light path reflector and focusing mirror of the machine tool to ensure stable beam transmission quality and effectively prevent deformation or bursting of the lens due to high temperature.
9) Gas cylinders: including laser cutting machine working medium gas cylinders and auxiliary gas cylinders, used to supplement industrial gas and auxiliary gas for laser shock.
10) Air compressor and air storage tank: provide and store compressed air.
11) Air cooling dryer and filter: used to provide clean dry air to the laser generator and beam channel to maintain the normal operation of the channel and reflector.
12) Exhaust dust collector: Extract the smoke and dust generated during the processing process and filter it to ensure that the exhaust emissions meet environmental standards.
13) Slag extractor: Discharges waste materials and materials generated during the processing.
